From a doctrinal and a practical point of view, the organization and functioning of the local public administration is based on certain principles, especially the basic ones. In order to provide the appropriate public services, the correct definition of the basic principles, as well as their proper applications, are the fundamental conditions of the functionality of the local public administration system. In the case of the Republic of Moldova and Romania, the constitutional provisions regarding the basic principles are different, although the conditions of the local public government systems are similar. Even the opinions, from Moldova and Romania, expressed in the special literature are also different. On this regard, relying on the French doctrine as well as its experience, we substantiate the basic principles of local government, in accordance with the provisions of European Charter of Local Self – Government.