Introduction Systematic researches on macromicets (Agaricales, Boletales, and Russulales and Polyporales orders) were initiated at the Botanical Garden of the Academy of Science in 1976, as a research within “Flora and geobotanics” laboratory. Since 1990 until present time, the researches were extended on all the macromicets of all the taxonomy groups of Protozoa and Fungi kingdoms. During more that three decades, over 800 taxa have been inventoried. As a result, we obtained several materials on the dissemination and ecology of this group of fungi in the natural ecosystems of the Republic of Moldova. Material and methods Our mycological researches had a systematic and complex nature, comprising the taxonomic, corologic and ecological approaches. Every investigated domain were scientifi cally documented based on a vast scientifi c literature (1, 3, 4) Due to our photography experience we used within these researches, we could print more than 10,000 pictures, which served us as an effi cient identifi cation guide. The collecting of the microbiological material and the processing of the data were carried out according to “Руководство по сбору высших базидиальных грибов для научного их изучения (Methodological handbook on the collecting of higher basidiomycetes for scientifi c study). (2). Results and discussions The taxonomic analysis of the specimen inventoried during 1976–2013 in the Republic of Moldova points out the presence of 836 taxa of macromicets belonging to 277 genera, 81 families, 26 orders, 8 classes, falling into 3 phyla of 2 kingdoms: Fungi and Protozoa. The Micetozoa phylum is represented by 16 species belonging to 10 genera, falling into 8 families, 4 orders of the Myxogastria class. The Ascomycota phylum is represented by 55 species belonging to 29 genera, falling into 15 families, 5 orders and 3 classes. The Bazidiomycota phylum is the most widely represented in the researched macromycobiota. This phylum comprises 765 species of 188 genera from 58 families, 17 orders and 3 classes. The most important factor for the development of mushrooms, as heterotrophic organisms is the ecologic factor. As a result of researches carried out sub-layer mushrooms grow on, 3 trophic groups have been established: Simbiotrophic, Saprotrophic and Parasitic. Phytocenotic researches of macromicets in several types of vegetation fetched out they are associated with a specifi c type of forest. The richest phytocenoses in mushrooms are the ones consisting of oaks and Cornish oaks, mixed with beeches. Conclusions The inventorying of more than 800 taxa contributed to the signifi cant widening of our knowledge on the biological diversity of the territory of the Republic of Moldova, at the same time representing an important contribution to the increase of the theoretic patrimony of the taxonomic evaluation of the fungi world.