Nitrate reductase and peroxidase activity in sugar beet leaves under application of trace elements and temporal water stress
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LISNIC, Stelian, TOMA, Simion, LEMANOVA, Natalia, CORETSCAIA , Iulia. Nitrate reductase and peroxidase activity in sugar beet leaves under application of trace elements and temporal water stress. In: Conservation of plant diversity, Ed. 3, 22-24 mai 2014, Chișinău. Chișinău: Gradina Botanica (Institut), 2014, Ediția 3, pp. 19-20. ISBN 978-9975-62-370-4.
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Conservation of plant diversity
Ediția 3, 2014
Simpozionul "Conservation of plant diversity"
3, Chișinău, Moldova, 22-24 mai 2014

Nitrate reductase and peroxidase activity in sugar beet leaves under application of trace elements and temporal water stress


Pag. 19-20

Lisnic Stelian, Toma Simion, Lemanova Natalia, Coretscaia Iulia
 
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of the Moldovan Academy of Sciences
 
Disponibil în IBN: 17 mai 2019



Teza

Introduction Currently, due to the environmental problems (pollution of soils and agricultural products with heavy metals and nitrates) extensive research is conducted to achieve more effi cient use of fertilizers; a promising approach is to minimize them through the use of microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to identify patterns in the relationship between the activity of nitrate reductase and peroxidase activity in the leaves of sugar beet (variety Baracuda) with its seeds treated by increasing concentrations of trace element complex Microcom-T containing Fe,Cu,B,Mn,Zn,Mo and Co in optimal ratios for sugar beet [1], varying concentrations of copper in the soil, the use of plant benefi cial microorganisms (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis) and temporal water stress. Material and methods Treatment of seeds carried out by increasing concentrations of trace elements in preparation Microcom-T under the scheme: Control – 0; 0.01; 0.05; 0. 10; 0. 20; 0. 30; 0.50 and 1. 0%. Doses of copper in soil (mg Cu/kg soil): Control - 0; 5; 30; 60; 120; 250; 500; 1000 and 1500. Microorganisms were introduced into the soil concomitant to seeds’ sowing and foliar treatment of plants with metabolites of microorganisms was conducted in the phase of intensive growth.The enzymes activity and carbohydrates content was determined by classical methods. Results and discussions Under low doses of copper in the soil (5 mg/kg of calcareous soil), the nitrate reductase activity in the leaves is much higher and is maintained up to 120 mg Cu/kg soil. The maximum enzyme activity was noted at a dose of 240 mg Cu/ kg of soil, and was reduced at a dose of 500, signifi cantly reduced at a dose of 1000 and, even more reduced at a dose of 1500 mg Cu/kg soil. The peroxidase activity in leaves is reduced signifi cantly at low doses of copper in soil (5mg/kg) and increases especially at a dose of 120 mg element / kg soil. Further addition of Cu to the soil had little effect on the activity of peroxidase. The nitrate reductase activity increased along with increasing concentrations of the Microcom-T to 0.3 - 0.5% and decreased at 1%. Seed treatment with trace elements in complex with microorganisms mostly gave the same pattern, with the only difference being that the primary process of nitrate reduction was maintained at a high level in a wide range of concentrations of trace elements. The data showed the relationship between the activities of nitrate reductase and peroxidase activity in leaves: increase activity of nitrate reductase in leaves under optimal concentration of trace elements in solution (0, 05 – 0, 10%) is an accompanied by a slight decrease in peroxidase activity, which indicates a likely improvement to the physiological condition of the plants in these conditions. Temporal water stress (35% WHC, 10 days) contributed to maintain nitrate reductase activity at a higher level under seed treatment with Microcom-T, and when combined with the use of microorganisms. More intensive reduction of nitrates in the leaves was also observed for foliar Microcom-T. Foliar treatment of plants with Microcom-T in combination with microbial metabolites maintained the primary process of nitrate reduction in leaves at a stable level while peroxidase activity was reduced. Conclusions The application of Microcom-T alone or in combination with microorganisms or microbial metabolites is accompanied by the maintenance of nitrate reductase and peroxidase activities in the leaves at the higher and more stable level both under optimal water supply and under temporal water stress, which is apparently due to the increase availability of nitrate to plants, resistance of sugar beet to temporal water stress and an increase in the average weight of roots.