Anthecological relations of introduced orchids at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden NAS of Ukraine
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GAPONENKO, М., LOYA, V., GNATIUK, A.. Anthecological relations of introduced orchids at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden NAS of Ukraine. In: Conservation of plant diversity, Ed. 4, 28-30 septembrie 2015, Chișinău. Chișinău: Gradina Botanica (Institut), 2015, Ediția 4, p. 69. ISBN 978-9975-3036-8-2.
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Dublin Core
Conservation of plant diversity
Ediția 4, 2015
Simpozionul "Conservation of plant diversity"
4, Chișinău, Moldova, 28-30 septembrie 2015

Anthecological relations of introduced orchids at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden NAS of Ukraine


Pag. 69-69

Gaponenko М., Loya V., Gnatiuk A.
 
M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 14 mai 2019


Cuvinte-cheie
Orchidaceae, introduction, anthecology, pollination, Insects


Teza

Study of orchids introduction have been conducted at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden since 1970 [1, 4]. Species of Orchidaceae Juss. family are presented at the plot “Rare Plants of Ukrainian Flora” of the botanical garden. We studied ex situ decepteive Anacamptis morio (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase, Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) P. F. Hunt & Summerh., Orchis purpurea Huds. and rewarding Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz. Anacamptis morio, Dactylorhiza majalis blossom and fruit in conditions of Kyiv every year. D. majalis forms a self-seeding. Plants of Epipactis palustris, Dactylorhiza majalis have formed an introduction populations. Significant impact on insects visiting the orchids are flowering of other plants nearby. We found that under cultivation pollinators significantly more often visit other plants than deceptive orchids. During A. morio and D. majalis flowering at the plot blossom Lamium purpureum L. and Glehoma hederacea L. Color and shape of Lamium purpureum and Glehoma hederacea flowers are similar to orchids and they attract many pollinators. Also at this time blooms Iris sibirica L. Iris sibirica flowers attract most insects including wasps and bumblebees. Geranium phaeum L. also blossom at this time and attract mainly bees. Many insects focused on Spiraea media Schmidt. At the end of A. morio,D. majalis and Orchis purpurea flowering also plants of Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke blossom. It is also very attractive to different insects. During flowering of E. palustris most pollinators focused on Delphinium sergii Wissjul. and Silene hypanica Klokov. For studied orchids others plants species are concurrents but also they are helpers in implementing the strategy of deception. However insects visited flowers of other plants much more than the flowers of orchids.  In general, the studied species found consortial relationships with ants, aphids, various types of beetles, wasps, bugs and bees of following families: Formicidae Latreille, 1802 (Lasius Fabricius, 1804), Bombyliidae Latreille, 1802 (Bombylius Linnaeus, 1758), Cantharididae Imhoff, 1856 (Cantharis Linnaeus), Pieridae Duponchel, 1835 (Anthocharis Boisduval, Rambur, Duméril & Graslin, 1833), Aphididae Latreille, 1802, Cetoniinae Leach, 1815 (Cetonia Fabricius, 1775), Noctuidae Latreille, 1809 (Orthosia Ochsenheimer, 1816, Lacanobia Billberg, 1820), Pentatomidae Leach, 1815 (Palomena Mulsant & Rey, 1866), Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802 (Tropinota Mulsant, 1842; Valgus Scriba, 1790), Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807 (Harmonia Mulsant, 1850),  Apidae (Apis Linnaeus, 1758; Anthophora Latreille, 1803; Bombus Latreille, 1802), Halictidae Thomson, 1869 (Lasioglossum Curtis, 1833), Andrenidae Latreille, 1802 (Andrena Fabricius, 1775) [2, 3].   For all orchid species in introduction conditions are characteristic consortial relationships with ants and aphids. Ants (Formicidae) feed nectar and pollen of orchids. In the pollination of studied species ants mostly does not participate. Although during the study was recorded transfer of Epipactis palustris pollinia by ants. Ants often diluted aphids (Aphidoidea). Ants and aphids noted on E. helleborine, E. palustris, A. morio, Ophrys oestrifera M.Bieb., Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br., Platanthera bifolia (L.) RICH., Cypripedium salceolus L., Listera ovata (L.) R. Br., Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindl. According to our observations presence of aphids on orchids inflorescences do not significant damage fruit set.  So in a culture rare plants form close relations with consortial insects, including pollinators as well as phytophages.