Growth, physiological and biochemical responses in copper-treated poplar plants to be exploited for the phytoremediation bio-technology
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ZACCHINI, Massimo, DI BACCIO, Daniela, IORI, Valentina, VELIKSAR, Sofia, LEMANOVA, Natalia, JUSKAITE, Liudvika, MARUSKA, Audrius, PIETRINI, Fabrizio. Growth, physiological and biochemical responses in copper-treated poplar plants to be exploited for the phytoremediation bio-technology. In: Ecological and environmental chemistry : - 2017, Ed. 6, 2-3 martie 2017, Chișinău. Chisinau, Republic of Moldova: Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2017, Ediția 6, p. 180.
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Ecological and environmental chemistry
Ediția 6, 2017
Conferința "Ecological and environmental chemistry 2017"
6, Chișinău, Moldova, 2-3 martie 2017

Growth, physiological and biochemical responses in copper-treated poplar plants to be exploited for the phytoremediation bio-technology


Pag. 180-180

Zacchini Massimo1, Di Baccio Daniela1, Iori Valentina1, Veliksar Sofia2, Lemanova Natalia2, Juskaite Liudvika3, Maruska Audrius3, Pietrini Fabrizio1
 
1 National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Agroenvironmental and Forest Biology,
2 Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of the Moldovan Academy of Sciences,
3 Vytautas Magnus University
 
Disponibil în IBN: 18 martie 2019


Rezumat

Anthropogenic activities, including pest management in agriculture, have resulted in a massive heavy metal enrichment of the ecosystems, far over the release due to the natural biogeocycles. In this regard, a serious concern for the environmental safety is posed by the contamination with copper (Cu) of agricultural soils and waters, also for the possible risks for food contamination. Therefore, the topic of the decontamination of heavy metal polluted substrates is receiving increasing attention, especially with low energetic input, low cost, and environmentally friend technologies such as phytoremediation e.g. the use of plants to remove contaminants or render them harmless. For this scope, a particular attention is currently paid to fast growing forest plants such as poplars, whose good metal tolerance and accumulation, besides a notable adaptability to harsh conditions as the prolonged submersion, are reported. In this work, in order to better characterize the ability of this species to tolerate and accumulate Cu, rooted cuttings of the poplar clone “Monviso” (Populus × generosa A. Henry × P. nigra L.), largely utilised for biomass production, were exposed for three weeks under hydroponics in laboratory conditions (growth chamber with these settings: t: 25 ± 3°C; PPFD: 300 μmol m-2 s-1; photoperiod: 14-h light/10-h dark) to three treatments: control (C, basal nutrient solution), T1 (75 μM Cu), T2 (150 μM Cu). Copper was supplied as copper sulphate heptahydrate. At the end of the treatment, after physiological analyses, biometric parameters were measured and then plants were washed, separated in their organs and dried in an oven at 50°C for dry mass and Cu determinations. Results put in evidence the poplar was able to tolerate the copper presence in the medium, especially at the lowest concentration. As expected, the rooting system was the organ most affected by the Cu presence, being also the plant part in which the heavy metal was mostly bioaccumulated. On the contrary, a limited Cu accumulation was detected in leaves and stem, confirming previous indications on the low metal translocation from roots to aerial part in poplar. Biochemical and physiological investigations revealed that poplar well tolerated Cu under T1 treatment while, after three weeks, an impairment of the main processes associated to photosynthesis was observed. Specifically, a reduction of pigment contents and a decrease of the photosynthetic efficiency, appreciated both by chlorophyll fluorescence analysis and gas exchange measurements, were highlighted. Copper determinations in the spiked waters revealed that after three weeks’ poplar plants were capable, in both treatments, to remove near the 50% of the total Cu amount added in the solutions. These results allow us evidencing that poplar plants can be efficiently used for the decontamination of Cu polluted waters, at least at the Cu concentration used in T1 treatment, obtaining at the same time biomass for renewable energy production.