Antifungal extracts from spirulina biomass
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2023-10-22 17:50
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OLTU, Iulian. Antifungal extracts from spirulina biomass. In: Microbial Biotechnology, 12-13 octombrie 2016, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Institutul de Microbiologie şi Biotehnologie, 2016, Ediția 3, p. 78.
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Microbial Biotechnology
Ediția 3, 2016
Conferința "Microbial Biotechnology"
Chișinău, Moldova, 12-13 octombrie 2016

Antifungal extracts from spirulina biomass


Pag. 78-78

Oltu Iulian
 
Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of the ASM
 
Disponibil în IBN: 13 martie 2019



Teza

Aspergillus species have emerged as an important cause of life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients (patients with prolonged neutropenia, advanced HIV infection, and inherited immunodeficiency and patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and lung transplantation). Aspergillus species also produce a wide range of forms of aspergillosis, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, allergic sinusitis, and saprophytic infection which are not life-threatening. The most common species recovered from cases of invasive aspergillosis are Aspergillus fumigates, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus terreus. The antifungal drugs that are commonly used to treat invasive aspergillosis belong to three classes with distinct mechanisms of action: the polyene amphotericin B, which acts on the cell membrane; the azole voriconazole, which acts on ergosterol biosynthesis; and the echinocandins, which act on the cell wall. However, despite in vitro efficacy of these antifungals, treatment failure is frequently observed. In some cases failure of treatment may result from low susceptibility of the pathogen to the respective antifungal. Restricted delivery to the site of infection may be another reason for a limited treatment response. The development of a number of antifungals with increased potency and lower toxicity has raised optimism that outcomes of invasive fungal infections can be improved. Natural antifungal therapy has its inherent attraction, due to its limited side-effects. Spirulina platensis, a naturally occurring alga, has been reported to have more than one therapeutic advantage. It is also used as a source of natural protein and vitamins in many parts of the world. It has been shown that ethanol extracts of Spirulina have antifungal effect on several strains of filamentous fungi. Phenols are considered to be active components of these extracts. The research was performed using various types of extracts from the biomass of Spirulina platensis CNM-CB-11. Spirulina was grown on standard cultural medium and on media with additional contain of copper, silver, and cadmium compounds. The biomass obtained in such conditions was used for methanolic extractions in different concentrations and separation of sulfated polysaccharide fraction. The obtained extracts were tested for their antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus. The most pronounced antifungal activity was observed for 55% ethanolic extract from the Spirulina biomass containing cadmium. Elemental analysis of the extract revealed a content of 26 g / g of cadmium in the preparation. This extract, in addition to cadmium, contains a set of bioactive substances (amino acids, oligopeptides and phenols). Most significant effect was recorded on the Aspergillus fumigatus (inhibition zones exceeded those of other tested fungal strains by 18-36%). Polysaccharide extracts from metal containing spirulina biomass had more pronounced antifungal activity than methanol extracts. The most active was the polysaccharide extract obtained from biomass containing copper and silver. In this case the inhibition zones was on average 17% higher comparing to methanol extracts from biomass containing cadmium. The sensitivity of tested strains decreased in the range Aspergillus fumigatus - Aspergillus flavus - Aspergillus niger. Thus, the obtained results denote the perspective of the use of spirulina biomass obtained by biotechnology processing as feedstock for production of antifungal preparations.