It is now recognized that in the process of maintaining the optimal function of the digestive system an essential role is fulfilled by the food factor (for example fermented milk products). In this direction, major attention must be paid to additives and newly developed food rations, because of their role in the process of maintaining or modifying the functionality of the nominated system. The reported ones are confirmed by their influence on intestinal microflora which fulfills a multifunctional role in digestion and immunity. Other ones are recognized as pillars of health status coordination to maintain or develop pathology. The laboratory research was carried out in two sets of experiments. In the first, we used laboratory animals (guinea pigs) divided into 4 equal lots (5 each) and three food additives (PRESANE, STEM and MEDULAC - WM). The second experimental series was done in the same laboratory conditions, on rats of the Vistar line, with four variants of food rations balanced, according to basic components (proteins: lipids: carbohydrates): I. 14%: 28%: 58%; II. 16%: 26%: 58%; III. 18%: 25%: 57%; IV. 20%: 23%: 57%. In the course of the investigation, quantitative indices of intestinal microorganisms of some genera binding to the digestive tract (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) were studied. As a result of the first series of experiments, compared to the initial, it was found that all the food additives tested helped to increase the quantitative indications of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, being in animals from experimental lots (II-IV) compared to the original, respectively, by 28.62 % and 31.35%; 42.54% and 36.32%; 5.26% and 19.07%. The data differences were impressive, compared to those in the control group. Thus, it can be stated that all the results obtained in this series confirmed the dependence of the numerical value of the intestinal microorganisms of genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus on the food factor. Analyzing the second series results, we can report that the tested food rations have been beneficial for bacteria of the binding genes, but in a differentiated way. It was found that the most optimal action can be considered as variant II, because of increase of the numerical value of the obligatory representatives of the intestinal microflora of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (respectively by 25.14% and 18.13%), compared to the original. At the same time, it was found that the difference between the results obtained in the variant II was even larger compared to the control group and was higher for bifidobacteria and lactobacilli by 27,10% and 19,03% respectively. Therefore, based on the results of the present scientific researches of two series of experiments it has been shown that the quantitative level of the intestinal microorganisms of the digestive tract (genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) can serve as a criterion of appreciation of the degree of action of the food factor on the digestive tract microbial disease status (sanogenic or pathological). Such a criterion is of scientific interest and can be recommended for practical application in both the preparation of new additives and food rations composition. This is confirmed by the fact that the intestinal microorganisms of the nominated genera have responded promptly to the tested food factor by modifying their quantitative level, because he always found himself depending on him. This is why we consider that obtained experimental data argue the opportunity to recommend selected variants of food additives and rations for their use in order to maintain optimal or sanogenic microbial digestion in the digestive tract.