The National Security Concepts and military doctrines of practically all states contain obligatory references to "national interests" as a basis and initial principles for determining the main threats for sovereignty and territorial integrity. These questions and trends were not ignored by the Belarusian science and practice of state building and public administration. In this article, the author considers the main theoretical provisions for the formation of the National Security Concept of the Republic of Belarus and practical approaches to the formation of foreign policy and foreign economic priorities.