Major meat parasites in Romania- species, strains, and genotypes
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COZMA, Vasile, GYORKE, Adriana, GHERMAN, Calin, OLELEU, Ana-Maria, JARCA, Adriana, BARBURAS, Diana, COZMA-PETRUT, Anamaria. Major meat parasites in Romania- species, strains, and genotypes. In: Sustainable use, protection of animal world and forest management in the context of climate change, 12-13 octombrie 2016, Chișinău. Chișinău: Institutul de Zoologie, 2016, Ediția 9, pp. 16-17. ISBN 978-9975-3022-7-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53937/9789975302272.02
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Sustainable use, protection of animal world and forest management in the context of climate change
Ediția 9, 2016
Conferința "Sustainable use, protection of animal world and forest management in the context of climate change"
Chișinău, Moldova, 12-13 octombrie 2016

Major meat parasites in Romania- species, strains, and genotypes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53937/9789975302272.02

Pag. 16-17

Cozma Vasile12, Gyorke Adriana1, Gherman Calin1, Oleleu Ana-Maria1, Jarca Adriana3, Barburas Diana1, Cozma-Petrut Anamaria1
 
1 Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară, Cluj Napoca,
2 Academia de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Silvice „Gheorghe Ionescu – Şiseşti“, Bucureşti,
3 Universitatea din Oradea
 
Disponibil în IBN: 12 noiembrie 2018



Teza

Toxoplasma gondii, Trichinella spp., Echinococcus spp. and T. solium and T. saginata larvae have a high impact on the health of human population worldwide, by consumption of contaminated food or by contact with definitive hosts. T. gondii is prevalent in most areas of the world, in animals and humans. In the last 10 years, sero-epidemiological studies on T. gondii infection revealed a high seroprevalence of specific antibodies in Romania (Junie et al., 2002; Barabas-Hajdu et al., 2007; Stirbu-Teofănescu et al., 2007,2008; Militaru et al., 2008; Olariu et al., 2008; Cozma et al., 2007, 2008, 2009; Coroiu et al., 2009; Iovu/Pastiu et al., 2009, 2012, 2013; Gyorke/ Titilincu et al., 2008, 2011; Chitimia et al., 2011; Dărăbuş et al., 2011; Hotea et al., 2012; Dubey et al., 2014). First isolation and genetic characterization of a T.gondii strain from a symptomatic human case of congenital toxoplasmosis in Romania revealed the type II genotype (Costache et al., 2013). Trichinellosis is a zoonosis acquired by ingesting raw meat with encysted larvae of Trichinella. Romania represents the country with the most extensive Trichinella infection in the world. Currently, two of the species are present: usually, T. spiralis in domestic animals and T. britovi in wild animals (Blaga et al., 2009). Simple species identification of Trichinella isolates has been performed by amplification and sequencing of the 5S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region (De Bruyne et al., 2005). E. granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis. The high prevalence of echinococcosis/ hydatidosis in animals and humans, places Romania on the top at European and global level. E. multiloculari causes alveolar echinococcosis. The presence of E. multilocularis in Romania has been described in rodents and humans cases (Panaitescu and Pop 1999; Savlovschi, 2000; Siko, 1992, 1993; Siko et al. 1995), but these cases were not confirmed by specific diagnosis tests. In 2010 and 2011, respectively, E. multilocularis was confirmed using molecular biology methods in red foxes and wild rodents (Siko Barabasi et al., 2010a; 2010b; Siko Barabasi et al., 2011). Comparison of nucleotides sequences, mostly fragments of mitochondrial DNA (cox1 and NADH1), was useful in genotypes identification (Bowles, Blair and McManus, 1992; Bowles and McManus, 1993a). In Romania, the first studies regarding animal and human cystic echinococcosis identified only G1, G2 and G7 genotypes (Bart et al., 2006). Other research in domestic and wild ruminants reported the G1 genotype as dominant, from 41.6% (Bart et al.2006) up to 100% (Casulli et al. 2012; Mitrea et al. 2012). First detection of G1 genotype in red deer was performed by PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques (Onac et al. 2013). In wild boars, G1 (45.5%) and G7 genotypes (39.4%) were identified (Onac et al. 2013). Muscular cysticercosis caused by T. solium (swine) and T. saginata (cattle) larvae is a zoonosis of public health importance. A retrospective epidemiological study was performed during the period 2009-2013, by assessing report/surveillance systems and the management of infected animals, by analyzing the temporal and spatial distribution of muscular cysticercosis in Romania (Oleleu et al.,2015). In terms of spatial spread, outbreaks in porcine cysticercosis were discovered in 7 counties (16.66%) of the 42 existing in Romania; the prevalence of positive cases, nationwide, can be characterized as low infestation, with an average value of 0.45%. During the studied period, there were a total of 10 disease outbreaks. In terms of temporal spread, cases of disease had been recorded every year. In the same period, a total of 471 cases with suspected muscle cysticercosis have been reported in cattle, with a total of 13 cases confirmed. In terms of spatial spread, outbreaks were found in 3 counties (7.14%) of the 42. The data obtained allow us to observe trends of evolution in T. saginata larvae infestation in the northern region of Romania, where 12 cases were detected out of 13. In terms of temporal spread, it was found that cases of animals diagnosed with bovine cysticercosis were reported in two years out of five, in 2009 and 2010, respectively (Oleleu et al., 2015). In Romania, the development of serological surveillance and molecular diagnostic in these parasitic zoonoses is required.  

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