This article includes the results of a multi-annual study on Rosa species throughout the Republic of Moldova, which was conducted during 2012-2017. In addition to our own results, we used the botanical material found in the Herbarium of the Botanical Garden as well as scientific literature in this area. Studying the species diversity of the genus Rosa in the territory of the Republic of Moldova, we can conclude that the steppe sectors that have been preserved, host species of wild rose such as Rosa gallica L., R. pimpinellifolia L., R. villosa L., R. rubiginosa L., R. micrantha Borrer ex Smith, R. inodora Fries., as well as R. canina L. Most often, Rosa species are found on stony slopes along large rivers, where steppe habitats are interrupted by ravines and canyons. In such areas, there are favourable conditions for xeromesophilic vegetation, and the species of wild rose form scrubs together with other species of following genera: Spiraea L., Crataegus L., Caragana Fabr., Berberis L., Prunus L. etc.