Les évolutions des dictionnaires de la langue française aux XX-XXI siècles
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811.133.1’374 (1)
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MANOLI, Ion. Les évolutions des dictionnaires de la langue française aux XX-XXI siècles. In: Intertext , 2018, nr. 1-2(45-46), pp. 65-70. ISSN 1857-3711.
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Intertext
Numărul 1-2(45-46) / 2018 / ISSN 1857-3711 /ISSNe 2345-1750

Les évolutions des dictionnaires de la langue française aux XX-XXI siècles

Evolutions of French Language Dictionaries in 20th-21st Centuries.

CZU: 811.133.1’374

Pag. 65-70

Manoli Ion
 
Université Libre Internationale de Moldova
 
Disponibil în IBN: 28 iulie 2018


Rezumat

French lexicographical science is one of the developed in the world. It has long and old history. The most powerful evolution of this science, which can be named “revolutionary” in France, began in 1539. It is the year when Francois I issued the order “Villers Cotterets”, where it is strictly pointed the transformation from Latin into French (especially in writings of the juridical texts). In honour of this event it was issued the dictionary “Dictionnaire Francois-Latin” in the editing house “Robert Estienne”.  Many centuries passed, but French lexicography did not stop its development. And the most significant break of this science can be considered only in XX century.  The first Small Dictionary “Larousse” was issued in 1905; the first Small “Robert” – in 1967. Together with these private editions, the French state with the help of the famous Scientific Center (CNRS) totally financed the fullest edition of the dictionary of the French language, which is entitled “Tresor de la Langue Francaise”. The period of the collection and edition of this dictionary is very impressive one from 1971 till 1994. It is a fundamental lexicographical work of linguistic, historical, and cultural character, which brings light towards the status of French language during XIX and XX centuries. In the first volume of this edition, an interested reader can find a wide introduction to the dictionary, which is signed by the most famous linguist Paul Imbs.  Beginning with 2000, this unique dictionary can be easily found and used through internet sites. The typology of the Modern French dictionaries is very rich and wide. It can be found almost all types of the dictionaries in it, for example: explanatory, normative, etymological, terminological, literary, argotic, onomatopic, punctual, encyclopedic, tezaurus, etc.  In this article we are going to analyze in details some evolutionary moments of French lexicography, as a science about the dictionaries, based on the materials of two historians Le Robert in 6 volumes with the Supplement, and almost specific dictionary of Maurice Rheims (Dictionnaire des mots Sauvages: Ecrivains des XIX-eme et XX –eme siecles), which include the rich lexical material that was missed in the other dictionaries.  

Cuvinte-cheie
neology, lexical creativity, tezaurus,

author neologism, individual creations, neological impulse, lexicography definition, lexicographic parameters, normative dictionary, cultural dictionary, dictionary of unique words