The significant strengthening of the relations development between economic development and practical security in various aspects (military, economic, energy, scientific, etc.) at all levels – national, regional, international in the conditions of dynamic continuous movement towards the țiar innovative economy requires a new vision on economic assurance of military security. The concept of “national security” was introduced by Theodore Roosevelt at the beginning of the XX century. In 1930 another US president, Franklin Delano Roosevelt introduced the concept of “economic security”, by announcing the establishment of the commission in question. In the second half of the 20 th century, attention to international security has increased several times. By the end of the last century, the concept of “national security” has become complicated, diversified, becoming multifaceted as military, economic, technological, environmental and other. The investigations have covered two facets of the issue: 1) the most important systemic changes in military-economic activities, leading to the change of the military and economic security paradigm; 2) the basic parameters of this process from the position of the innovative aspect. The aim of the study is to develop the methodology, nature and content of innovative processes in the military sector under the modern conditions; their role and impact on military and economic development in the context of the use of positive experience to increase the level of innovation in the military-economic field.