The transition to market methods of management led to the reform of the Republic of Moldova’s public finance, including its main component – the budget system. Currently, the budget system of the Republic of Moldova is in the reforming stage; there is worked the legislative mechanism of redistribution of duties and responsibilities between the different levels of government. As a result of drastic changes in the budget system of the country in recent years, it has become a very urgent task to ensure manageability and controllability of financial resources and their centralization in one executive agency. The task of this body is to ensure streamlining of the cash flows of resources from the state budget and promptly provide information on the state of public finances to make effective management decisions. Fiscal policy is a key element of the state financial regulation. The aim of given paper is to study the budget rules and their role in the effective management of the state.