The paper treats a cultural layer, which lies under the lowest ceramic layer, and is known from the V. M. Danilenko excavation under the label “upper Archaic Neolithic”. In the course of recent excavation(2011–2013), it yielded a notorious Kukrek chipped stone collection (618 items). There are core-like fragments and two pencil-like cores of elegant proportions in the collection. Non-retouched flakes (39.5%) out-number non-retouched blades (30%). Tools include retouched flakes (14% of tools), retouched blades (24%), notched or denticulate blades(5.6%), a backed bladelet, Kukrek inserts (19%), a simple end-scraper, perforatoron a flake, burins and points. Burins are mostly composed of three distinctive groups: double / multiple burins on blades and dihedral and multiple (Kukrek) burins on flakes and simple burins on flakes. “Kukrek burins” resemble secondary cores (cores on flakes). Points were produced by an oblique truncation of microblades and bladelets. The middle layer of KM1 is a typical example of Kukrek lithic tradition. Kukrek cultural entity as defined by classics of Ukrainian Mesolithic studies is obviously too large to be homogenous. Kukrek is rather a techno-complex or “tradition” and it is structurally similar to techno-complexes of Paleolithic like Auringniacien or Epigravettian. Later, a concrete realisation of Kukrek technocomplex should be understood region by region and period by period. There is an urgent need for “regionalization” and “temporal localization” of Kukrek tradition. The research was supported by the Swiss National Fund SCOPES IZ73Z0_152732 Responses of vegetation and prehistorical society to climatic changes in Ukraine.