В данной статье рассматриваются причины обращения молдавских бояр и церковной верхушки к России во время русско-турецкой войны 1786–1774 гг. с просьбой о принятии в подданство; мотивы, по которым Россия желала вовлечения Дунайских княжеств в сферу своих интересов; меры, принятые П. А. Румянцевым по установлению российской юрисдикции в княжествах, его борьба со злоупотреблениями военных царской армии; проведение в княжествах переписи российской военной администрацией. Указано на недостатки современной российской историографии, которая односторонне освещает положение податного населения и духовных лиц. Также коротко охарактеризованы публикуемые документы. Впервые в румыно- и русскоязычной историографии вводятся в научный оборот документы о положении церкви Молдавского княжества во время русско-турецкой войны 1768–1774 гг. Документы представляют собой прошения и доношения духовных, гражданских и военных лиц с просьбой освободить их имения и жилища от постоя и других повинностей, а также выдать им охранный лист. Документы условно разбиты на группы, рассмотрены пометы на них, отдельно указано на сомнительную верификацию свидетельств молдавского чиновника.

In articol se iau in dezbatere motivele pe care le-au avut boierii moldoveni și conducerea de varf a Bisericii, cerand de la autoritățile Imperiului Rus să intre in supușenie rusă in perioada războiului ruso-turc din 1786–1774. In același timp, sunt arătate motivele pentru care Rusia dorea includerea Principatelor Dunărene in sfera intereselor sale, măsurile luate de P. A. Rumeanțev pentru a stabili jurisdicția rusă asupra Principatelor, lupta acestuia impotriva abuzurilor armatei țariste, măsurile administrației militare ruse de a efectua un recensămant in Principate. Sunt arătate neajunsurile istoriografiei ruse moderne, care descrie unilateral poziția populației plătitoare de impozite și a clerului. De asemenea, sunt descrie pe scurt documentele publicate. Pentru prima data in istoriografia romană şi rusă, sunt introduse in circuitul ştiinţific cateva documente cu privire la situaţia Bisericii din Principatul Moldovei in timpul războiului ruso-turc din 1768–1774. Documentele constituie diverse petiţii şi rapoarte ale clericilor, persoanelor civile şi militarilor cu rugămintea de a fi scutiţii de incartiruiri şi alte prestaţii, precum şi de a li se elibera un certificat de protecţie. Documentele publicate sunt condiționat impărțite in grupuri, sunt verificate etichetele pe care sunt indicate numele funcționarilor moldoveni care au vereficat acest tip de documente.

This article examines the reasons for the conversion of Moldovan boyars and church leaders to Russia during the Russian-Turkish war of 1786–1774. They asked the Russian authorities to grant them citizenship, motives for which Russia wanted to include the Principalities in the sphere of their interests, measures taken by P. Rumyantsev on the establishment of Russian jurisdiction in the Danubian Principalities, his fight against military abuses, the conduct of a census by the Russian military administration in the Principalities. The shortcomings of modern Russian historiography, which unilaterally describes the situation of the tax-paying population and of the clergy, are pointed out. In addition, the published documents are briefly described. It is for the first time in Romanian and Russian historiography that some documents on the situation of the Church of the Moldavian Principality during the Russian-Turkish war of 1768–1774 are introduced into scientific circuit. The documents include various petitions and reports of the clergy, civilians and military requesting exemption of their names and homes from billeting and other duties, as well as to give them a protection card (salvogvardia). The documents are conditionally divided into groups; the labels, which indicate the names of the Moldovan officials who checked this type of documents, are verified.