The patrimonial book collection of the National Library of Moldova has been built up in the course of time from various sources – purchases, donations, arheographic expeditions, international exchange of publications with other libraries. The library has managed to accumulate important books in terms of rarity and great artistic value. The cultural heritage preserved here consists of manuscripts, editions published during the authors’ life and the first edition of the works of many writers, documents published by renowned publishers, books with autographs from the collections of different personalities, luxury editions illustrated by great artists, new books printed under special graphics, etc. Currently, the National Library, and other institutions of the republic which hold patrimonial collections, has unique copies from the collections of such personalities as: A. Frunza, Zamfir Arbore, Constantin Stere, Pan Halippa, Manuil Poleac, Paul Gore etc. This article focuses on the books that have been purchased and donated to the library in the last few years, and which enhance the prestige of library’s collections.