Currently the whole world expresses an increased interest to the patrimonial documents and materials from the archives, through the prism of which their nation’s history could be studied. To follow the apparition of manuscripts and, later, the evolution of printed books is like to walk certainly in the footsteps of our ancestors - scholars, who weren’t influenced by “interference” from outside. The research of old sources starts from spiritual importance, literary curiosity and national interest. It is necessary now to throw light on the wealth of printed culture in historical Moldova, created in most famous centers of our country’s cultural enlightenment. These books could represent the heritage of other countries as well as some historical vicissitudes like political instability, wars, abductions, pledges, and tricks; but, thanks to gifts from boyars and peasants, these books were also intended for remembrance of souls, forgiveness of vices, or served as dowry at wedding. In Moldavian land they were written, translated and “dressed” in noble metals, decorated with rare stones. Thematically they could be classified as: religious books (Gospels, Lives of Apostles, Liturgies, and Prayer-books); collections (compilations of various texts of moralizing, popular, rhetorical and philosophical character); historical texts (annals, chronicles, memory books where were described heroic deeds of the rulers); popular books (literary exposition of Bible stories in a form of novel, such as Alexandria, Varlaam and Ioasaf); legal writings (represent the legal instruments of rulers, translated and adapted).