Background: The aim of our research included identifying the medical and social determinants that favor the development of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (APID), and assessing the contemporary profile of the APID patient while improving the process of diagnostics and management for this disease. Material and methods: There were analyzed 644 clinical cases of patients that were selected according to the CDC criteria regarding APID, who were hospitalized in the Department of Septic Gynecology at the Municipal Clinical Hospital No 1 of Chisinau city. Results: Some medical and social determinants had either a direct or an indirect role in the development of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. In the current study, 40.38% of cases were young women, 59.01% were unmarried, 58.35% of cases – do not use contraceptive measures and 79.18% of patients were from a poor socio-economic background at the time of the study. APID patients had a higher incidence of bacterial vaginosis – 34.93% cases. 52.01% of patients are carriers of chronic diseases and coexistent pathologies are prevailing in one third of the patients included in the study. Approximately 71.89% of patients in the study were hospitalized with a delay of 5 days after the onset of the disease. Conclusions: We have compiled the contemporary profile for the APID patient – young women, coming from a poor socio-economic background, who do not have health insurance, who are more likely to have a low income, a lower education level, and an earlier start of the sexual life, they tend to have multiple sexual partners as well.