In this article, the role of labor migration in an open economy is being analyzed. Beginning with the indicator of human civilization development, authors refer to the links between the state development of the country and migration /emigration of their labor phenomenon. It states that the migration /immigration and labor are generated by cyclical fluctuations in the economy; the economic policy should aim at stabilizing a potential GDP growth to maintain a growing employment, to achieve the maintenance of the balance productivity - wages. The authors are of the view that the migration process has a positive impact on countries, but requires monitoring. There is an economic-mathematical model that demonstrates the positive impact of labor migration for both, countries left by emigrants, and countries receiving migrants.