The author evokes the figure of Neagoe Basarab who was the voivode of Wallachia between 1512 and 1521. He is a prominent personality of the Romanian culture from the sixteenth century. This article analyzes in a synthetic formula The knowledges of Neagoe Basarab for his son Teodosie, one of the oldest literary work from Wallachia. The knowledges of Neagoe Basarab for his son Teodosie is placed among the Romanian masterpieces of all time, as it presents for the first time the moral and spiritual profile of our people, his experiences and aspirations. B. P. Haşdeu qualifies this work a „glorious monument of literature, of politics and philosophy to our ancestors”, comparing Neagoe with the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius.