Materials of the excavation in territory Lower Nistru testify to influence of the hydrological regime of Nistru on economic activities by the population. In VI-V centuries BC, level of high waters of the Bottom Nistru did not exceed 5-6 m. On end V - the beginning III centuries BC to increase of a level of high waters up to 7-9 m. III-II centuries characterized by downturn of a level of high waters up to 6-7 m. Change of a hydrological regime of Nistru resulted in change of a configuration of settlements located on low terraces. In the periods with a low level of high waters of a settlement settled down on low terraces. During increase of a level of high waters, the settlement moved on higher terraces. The population in VI-V centuries BC to development of cattle breeding: Bos taurus, Ovis/Capra, Equus caballus, Sus scrofa. In structure of fishing in VI-V centuries BC prevail unpretentious to conditions of inhabit: Esox lucius, Cyprinus carpio, Tinca tinca and Silurus glanis. The affinity of the river and floodplain lake allowed the population fowl on Cygnus olor and Anser anser. However, this trade, as gathering of molluscs (Unio tumidus, Crassiana crassa) played a supplementary role. Change of a hydrological regime of Nistru in III-II centuries BC had an effect and on development of an economy. In cattle, breeding on the first place has Ovis/Capra. Livestock Bos taurus and Sus scrofa has considerably decreased in comparison with VI-V centuries BC.