The existence of many intentions and processes on Mapamond, the debates of the new architecture of the contemporary international system of security, and the position that it occupies on the „great table of chess” the Russian Federation forms an another sphere in the discussions of the best Western chancellors and political leaders. Even if there is not a common opinion among the scientists on this matter, the role and the place that Russian Federation advanced in the last years, is often presented in the debates of the politicians, polemologues, analysts and scientists. Frequently, is asked the question of the place and role of the Russian Federation in the dynamism of the International Relations and the new geopolitical architecture of the security system. The article analyzes the history of the research and the role of the Russian Federation on the international sphere, the evolution of the national interest and of foreign politics of Russia, its relations with the occidental states, those of CSI and even the Republic of Moldova. It also gives an overview on both the historiography of the Russian Federation and the researches made in the Republic of Moldova.