The article includes the scientific approaches on the topic of permanent neutrality. In the Republic of Moldova, the research on the concept of permanent neutrality has evolved and become distinctive and complex one, depending on the aspect under which it was approached, political and security situation in the region, but likewise depending on political affiliation of the experts and representatives’ affinities for pro-Russian and pro-Western orientation. The objective of this study is to elucidate the scientific and methodological elaborations on permanent neutrality’ issues, including the Republic of Moldova as a case study. The main ideas of this research were based on the intention to prove the multitude of forms of approaching the concept of neutrality in general and permanent neutrality, in particular, and to emphasize the directions both domestic and foreign policies, in certain geopolitical and socio-economic circumstances at certain stages, some of them characterized by an apparent stability, but as well in crucial moments for the Republic of Moldova. The article represents a review of scientific approaches without critical or appreciative analysis on certain ideas and arguments. Therefore, the synoptic view on scientific papers on neutrality (as a concept, institution, statute etc.) is sufficient now. The approaching of this debated concept, in the light of particular aspects, will remain in scientific focus and an actively debated topic in academic and analytical environments.