This article is an extended version of the paper with the same title, presented at the International Scientific Conference “Constantin Stere – writer, journalist, lawyer and politician. At 150 years since birth” (June 1st, 2015, The Academy of Sciences of Moldova). It is argued that currently, when there exist reference works which restore his rightful place both in the history of literature and in history of Romanian ideologies, it appears as an evidence the fact that Stere has not only made a decisive contribution to the substantiation of poporanism, but also, alongside Virgil Madgearu, Constantin Radulescu-Motru, Ion Mihalache and others, to the configuring of the peasantism in its quality as the most important, after neoliberalism, political doctrine in interwar Romania.