One of the essential components of state power in all times was and is the access to resources - land, water and energy. However, with technical and scientific progress, the rapid growth of industrial production, the transition from fossil fuels (coal and oil) that determines the role and place in developing countries lies with a separate energy reso¬urces. The crucial role of hydrocarbons, which became the basis for the development of the modern economy, was mostly manifested during the Second World War, when the outcome of battles depended on largely stable supplies of crude oil and the possibility of producing fuel at scale. Highlighting the political component of energy security and growing interdependence between the economic and political aspects imposed by the necessity to analyze trends in international economic relations under current energy conditions.