Background: This article is an analysis of scientific publications related to the research chronology and investigations in the supervision and control of tuberculosis. In this respect, we have analyzed a number of different publications of internationally renowned scholars. The aim of the study was to integrate in an article scientific researches carried out in tuberculosis and taken over time. Thus was selected and analyzed the information accumulated throughout history. In the article are mentioned various aspects of the investigation in tuberculosis, including etiological, pathophysiological, clinical, treatment, prevention and anti-epidemic aspects. Moreover, the main factors are mentioned which complicated in the past and complicate at present the fight and control of TB. By this article it was intended to touch problems tuberculosis and the nomination of personalities from different times who have contributed to the development of medical science, making references to the works of great value, scientists of the era. In this study the tuberculosis is stated as a health problem in different times, both in the Republic of Moldova as well as worldwide. The article concludes by assessing the current epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in the Republic of Moldova, being regarded as a priority problem of public health. Conclusions: In all historical periods and till present, the tuberculosis was in the attention of scientists and medical specialists, the intensity of epidemic process being defined by various socio-economic factors. The above-mentioned concerns impose new concrete control and prevention actions with the involvement of various stakeholders.