Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a major health care and economic burden in Moldova. In the last decades in many countries the epidemiological studies have shown the reduction of MI related mortality. This reduction has partially been attributed to the new pharmacological and medical equipment advances that have been used during MI treatment. Despite a tangible improvement in the outcomes, MI remains a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality, what justifies the quest to find the new therapeutic approaches. Many patients with MI die from sudden death, which occurs outside the medical institutions. Conclusions: At present there are fewer chances of the extensive infarctions complicated with severe heart failure and ventricular wall rupture. The methods of early reperfusion have resulted in a marked improvement in the treatment of myocardial infarction associated with ST segment elevation, but have only slightly influenced the prognosis of extensive infarctions associated with ST segment depression. The ways to reduce the delay in doing coronary angioplasty after MI onset include the early recognition of symptoms by patients and by means of prehospital diagnosis. A major problem still remains the problem of late coming to the clinics of the patients with acute myocardial infarction. The low level of health education of the population, its ignorance of the disease onset signs has a negative impact on the possibility of preventing the severe complications.