Background: The article presents an in-depth analysis of the long-term statistics that confirms the high effectiveness of vaccination, which has allowed reducing hundredfold the morbidity of mumps. Material and methods: To evaluate the epidemiological situation and determine the characteristics of the development of the epidemic process of the incidence of mumps in the municipality of Chisinau and to assess the effectiveness of the vaccination against mumps coverage in the reporting period we have used the data obtained from the mumps monitoring system. The data have been collected from the statistical forms of medical accounting. The analysis of the epidemiological situation of the incidence of mumps for the period of 1992-2012 has been conducted. The obtained data have been statistically processed with the usage of the methods of the epidemiological retrospective and operational analysis. Results: A significant reduction in the morbidity has become possible only due to the implementation of the specific preventive measures. The outbreaks of mumps have occurred in the gatherings of large numbers of people who were not vaccinated before against the disease or had been vaccinated only by one dose of the vaccine more than 10 years ago. The necessity of further increasing the coverage of children by the vaccine against mumps is justified. Conclusions: In the municipality of Chisinau there is a significant number of children susceptible to mumps, the fact that can support the transmission of this disease when the source of infection appears. The current situation necessitates organizational and methodical measures in order to ensure the vaccination of children against mumps strictly according to the national immunization calendar.