The article analyzes the mechanisms of book censorship in socialist Romania from 1949 to 1977. „Book Control” was a section of „Literature Department” within the censorship institution (General Directorate of Press and Print). This study is based on a research in the Central Historical National Archives (ANIC), from the Committee for Press and Prints Fund (CPT). The word „censorship” was gradually to disappear from the vocabulary (officially, there was no censorship in communist regimes), being replaced by a neutral synonym: „control”. In fact, „the book control” implied a complex, branched and sophisticated censorship mechanism for all publications. The institution censors controlled both the national book publishing, edited by central and local bodies (publishing houses) from Bucharest and books imported from abroad as well as the ones for export. The General Directorate of Press and Print, a special institution, generally called „censorship” was not the only institution to practice it. The decisions didn’t belong to them and usually the most important decisions in terms of censorship belonged to the party. In Romania, GDPP was established according to the model of censorship institution of the USSR - Glavlit.