The work contains a description of the basic problems existing in disinfectology in the Republic of Moldova. It presents the research results of the quality and efficiency of 97 biocidal agents. The medical workers’ professional knowledge and skills in the field of disinfectology in medical and pharmaceutical institutions has been evaluated. The incidence of primary and secondary medical personnel deseases, associated with disinfectology activities (transportation, storage, preparation and the use of biocidal products) for the last 15 years has been studied. The main perspectives for the development and creation of a national policy for disinfectology have been indicated and discussed. The creation of a unified system for regulating the use of effective and environmentally safe biocidal agents has been proposed. In the Republic of Moldova disinfectology as a science about the public health is faced with numerous problems related to the introduction of the new technologies in the field of disinfection, disinsection and the disratization. The shortcomings in the work of disinfectology scheme and in the training of the persons involved in organizing and conducting the disinfection measures adversely affect the population health and environment. The absence of a complete package of normative and legislative documents and the incorrect interpretation of those already existing causes serious socio-economic problems.