Collective needs of any society require the development of public revenue. Consequently, the state distributes tasks among the members of his society, the financial and judicial instrument are the tax liability materialized in the form of taxes. Imposition, in turn, is a complex of measures and operations conducted by law, which have as a final aim the tax that is charged to an individual or company. The most important role of taxation in the financial plan occurs because taxes are the primary means of obtaining financial resources for public expenses. Thus, in most European countries, taxes and contributions attorney eight to nine tenths of the total financial resources of the state. This paper presents a comparative analysis of fiscal policy in Romania and the European Union, in terms of economic and social effects of levies on economic efficiency, employment and savings.