The article examines the issues of rural micro-toponymy from the toponymical area of Cahul. There are examined physical-geographical characteristics and social factors that caused the emergence of various categories of topical names (oiconims, hydronyms, oronims, etc.). Onimic formations are investigated from many points of view: stratigraphically, etymologicallu, lexical-semantically, derivationally. The characteristics of the areal toponymical macro-system are highlighted both at synchronic and diachronic levels.