The article describes the development of artistic ceramics on the territory of the Republic of Moldova, with an emphasis on the progress achieved in the 20th century. The relationship between the cultural heritage of traditional ceramics and modern artistic work is thoroughly analyzed. Three distinct periods of development are distinguished and analyzed – the first period (1950-1965), the second period (1965-1985) and the third period (1985-resent0.During the first period, artists such as S. Ciokolov and E. Grecu made attempts to transform the very old traditions of local ceramics into a genuine form of art. Fruitful interactions with local artisans and adaptations of traditional techniques led to the first works of artistic ceramics.The second period is characterized by significant developments on the artistic side. New techniques are developed and the focus shifts from a utilitarian to an aesthetical perspective. Archaeological discoveries of Cucuteni-Tripolie ceramics lead to new motives in the artistic work. Artists such as N. Cotofan and M. Grati not only push the boundaries of development further, but also establish the first professional school that academically trained ceramists. The third stage is marked by a signifi cant jump in the diversity of techniques and themes that are developed. Ceramics becomes an art form in its own right. Artists continue to develop traditional themes, but with much deeper abstractions – E. Mogorean explores folk themes while I. Platon pursues the aesthetics of pre-historical cultures. V. Bolboceanu’s explorations in technique and motives reach new artistic heights.