In this article the author tries to give a retrospective analysis of the tradition of theocratic thought, its historical evolution and influence on politic and society. Delimitating the religion and violence, the author passes to the theoretical analysis of the problem of terrorism, characterizing it as a phenomenon with multiple roots in the circumstances of the modern state. The author demonstrates that terrorism has been theologized, which led to the augment of its supporters. The author especially focuses on the problem of fundamentalism and the possibility of overcoming it, the opportunity of searching for the novel modalities for accessing these challenging problems in the actual conditions of globalization, the demarcation of ethic-spiritual and ideological views in religion, the discovery and substantiation of the religion positive role in ordering the society.