Currently the term „small state/small power” means states with reduced economic and military potential, which lack sufficient capacity to assert themselves in the international relations. Their security is minimized if they are not part of a coalition of states with a major share within the international system of security and if they do not have any importance for achieving the geopolitical/geostrategic interests of some great powers or non-state actors. From this point of view, the Republic of Moldova is essentially a small power that needs substantial reforms in the national security field. The achievement of this objective depends largely on the great powers’ geopolitical relationships that are based on the geostrategic interests in this area, which have an impact on the geopolitical dimension of the national security of the Republic of Moldova.