Medical plants represent an important resource of vegetal drugs and biological active compounds. Nowadays, it is recommended to integrate application of traditional medicine with modern one, especially regarding scientifi c research and assessment of natural drugs. Usage of local plants in medicine is a prospective and economically important direction. Flora of Republic of Moldova includes a vast diversity of species with opportunity to be applied in treatment of cardiovascular diseases, infections, oncology etc. But, for their exploitation it is necessary to apply modern technologies of research, which generates new knowledge for rational breeding of medical plants, extraction of pharmacologic substances and drug production. Articles present a synthesis of information on medicinal plants found in Moldova, biological aspects of their care. It evaluated the potential number of species and the posibility to store them in a database. One of the prospects for recovery of plant genetic fund may be provided by genotyping of medicinal plants by molecular biology techniques and bioinformatics analysis.