The USSR collapse initiated entailed serious geopolitical changes in the world including South-East Europe. Moldova enunciated the course to the european integration.After accusation of independence having broken diplomatic relations with the ex-partners including Russia. The relations between Moldova and Russia have had the historical roots. Moldova again started to establish relations with Russia in the middle of nineties. In the 2001 Russia and Moldova concluded the Treaty of friendship and collaboration, which is the legal foundation of the diplomatic relations between these states. In the modern stage of the development of relation between Russia and Moldova demonstrates that Russia is the most important partner for Moldova in economic, political, cultural and other spheres. Moldova course to the European integration doesn’t exclude the successful collaboration with the partners outside of EU, especially with Russia. In the triangle “Moldova – EU – Russia” Moldova should keep to the consistent system of the national interests, conservation of sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country, sensible pragmatism in the foreign policy.