The quintessence of this material represents the effect of the Russian factor upon the results of the Moldovan elections, especially upon the Parliamentary poll of 2005. One of the ideas underlined by the author is that, since Moldova got its independence in 1991, the Russian factor has had an direct impact upon the Moldovan politics, as well as upon the elections held in this country. Also, a parallel is being drawn as to the effect of this factor in more countries and regions of the CIS. Speaking of the Russian facto, the author makes a distinction between the Russian Federation, as a basic element of this, and the non-Romanianspeakers from this country, who, to a great extent, are nostalgic about the Soviet times. During that period „homo sovieticus” very often was identified with „the Russian”, as well as the state, USSR often was called Russia, and Russian used to have a total supremacy before other languages spoken on the vast territory of the Soviet Union. The author identifies four triggers of influencing of the Russian factor upon the Moldovan elections. Those are: the break-away Transnistrian region; Moldova’s economic dependence upon Russia; the Russian media’s influence in this country; the existence of a numerous non-Romanian-speaking minority in Moldova. One of the most important conclusions of the material is the Russian factor is losing of its importance in the elections in this state, as well as in other CIS countries. This is going on upon a spectacular turn of the Communists Party from Republic of Moldova (PCRM), attained in the last years. If in 2001 PCRM gained an overwhelming victory in elections due to, to a great extent, its conspicuous pro-Russian orientation, in 2005, PCRM got most of the votes despite the harsh critique against Russia, but also due to the involvement of the Russian factor against the Moldovan Communists.