Antioxidative protection in the biotechnology of agricultural breeding
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2024-01-15 14:16
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573.6:631.527.2 (1)
Biologie generală şi teoretică (105)
Lucrări agricole (1219)
SM ISO690:2012
DEMCENCO, Boris, BALAN, Ion, PETCU, Igor, OSADCI, Natalia, ROŞCA, Feodora, GRAMOVICI, Ana. Antioxidative protection in the biotechnology of agricultural breeding. In: Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community, Ed. 2, 29-30 septembrie 2022, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Moldova State University, 2022, p. 91. ISBN 978-9975-159-80-7.
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Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community 2022
Conferința "Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community"
2, Chişinău, Moldova, 29-30 septembrie 2022

Antioxidative protection in the biotechnology of agricultural breeding

CZU: 573.6:631.527.2

Pag. 91-91

Demcenco Boris, Balan Ion, Petcu Igor, Osadci Natalia, Roşca Feodora, Gramovici Ana
 
Scientific and practical institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry Veterinari Medicine
 
Disponibil în IBN: 16 noiembrie 2022


Rezumat

Negative external and internal biotechnological and biological factors cause decreased welfare and stress of birds, and their adaptation is due to the integrity of exogenous and endogenous antioxidant mechanisms under stress. For example, temperature, noise, light, transport and chemical effects, consumption of stimulants, food change, technological, biotechnological, experimental and hierarchical factors in the herd. In the conditions of industrial poultry farming, the adaptation of birds is possible through the use of antioxidants and other components of the ration. Therefore, a balanced diet with a set of important nutrients can be considered as one of the main elements for the successful control of stressors in birds. The main factor in combating stress is the antioxidant system of the bird's body. The latter is diverse, responsible for protecting cells from the action of free radicals and includes multiple components - natural fat-soluble antioxidants, water-soluble antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes, the thiolredox system and other. The structural components of protective antioxidants are located in cellular organs, in subcellular or extracellular space. The functionality of these structures of the living cell antioxidant system provides the three main protection mechanisms. First, the formation of free radicals is prevented by removing their precursors with antioxidant enzymes, SOD, glutathione, GSH-Px and metal binding proteins. The second mechanism - is achieved by the properties of vitamin E, ubiquinol, carotenoids, vitamin A, ascorbic acid, uric acid and other antioxidants. The third mechanism of protection occurs through the functionality of lipases, peptidases or proteases and other enzymes, which systemically eliminate and repair damaged molecules. Therefore, the scientific community proposes the concept of antioxidant protection of cells, which consists in the fact that the protection activated by the received antioxidants is based on preventing the release of free electrons in cellular mitochondria by purifying the original radicals. Therefore, in the final stage, metal ions are bound to their binding proteins and transformed into non-toxic substances. In parallel with exogenous antioxidants, endogenous mechanisms take place in the body of birds, mainly of enzymatic origin of antioxidant protection. These enzymatic complexes metabolize free radicals in the presence of important micronutrient cofactors, including selenium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc. Simultaneously with maintaining the metabolism in the body of birds during the growing period, antioxidants also influence the oxidation of lipids in meat after slaughter during storage and in eggs, thus helping to maintain the health of products and human health. At the same time, the use of antioxidants remains of scientific importance for further agro-ecological research in the field of agricultural production, which provides for the welfare of the environment during the further development of animal biotechnologies in the agro-industrial complex.

Cuvinte-cheie
adaptation of birds, protective antioxidants, agricultural breeding, biological factors, biotechnology.

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