In the occupied Bessarabia (1812), the Tsarist Russian Empire has strongly promoted a bitter policy of non-nationalization and russification of the Romanians. The Russian language was governing within schools, churches, administration etc. There were no schools (even primary) with Romanian-language teaching. The native population illiteracy was hard to imagine: 10,5% of men and 1,7% of women were roughly familiar with the Russian culture. The ethnical and cultural rebirth occurred after year 1918, when on March 27 of the same year, the unification of Bessarabia with Romania took place. In the first quarter of the 20th century, there have been founded 1239 primary schools teaching Romanian language. In 1939, the Romanian language was within 2718 primary schools, 13 high schools for boys, 9 high schools for girls and 24 secondary schools. The language, literature, culture are evolving… This national rise was broken on June 28, 1940, when the Red Army fraudulently invaded Bessarabia.