Environmental health, on which human health depends, is the consequence of legislation that is the framework for environmental action. Man, in relation to his natural and cultural environment, has experienced his ability to "control" nature. The process of using natural resources and degrading the environment is opposed, as a real necessity, by the desire for conservation. Declaring natural areas with protection status, investing material and community resources in measures to stop degradation are normal actions in an increasingly technological and polluted society. Protective measures are guided by public policies. Public policies, including environmental policies, are the prerogative of central authorities in the field. What happens when these policies are developed without calculating an environmental impact? The environment becomes vulnerable. Environmental vulnerability translates into biodiversity loss and reduced environmental services. The decline of natural ecosystems is reflected in the decline of human health. The current trends are to develop human society, to increase the degree of comfort. It is considered that natural resources are unlimited, that nature has enough resources to regenerate (for example, water is a renewable resource and can be purified by passing "over seven stones"). Are these resources unlimited? Is it the right way to handle them? Are the realities, the current state of the environment, taken into account in decision-making and especially in the elaboration of public policies? This paper will focus on how the management of protected natural areas can be influenced by public policies without being able to exhaust this controversial topic.