The present study emphasizes some considerations on how the Social Romanian In-stitute from Bessarabia (1934-1940) the regional subsidiary of the Social Romanian Institute of Bucharest (1921-1984) was founded as well as the essential aspects of its activity. According to the epoch documents, the Institute is considered as “the first institution of scientific research” from the land, which contributed to the cultural and scientific development of Romanian Bessa-rabia (1918-1940). The insti-tute status, the activity program and the most significant achieve-ment are disclosed, of which the monographic research of Bessarabia villages represents the most convincing argument of scientific character of the institution. In 1934-1940, through the carried activity, the Romanian Social Institute of Bessarabia was a model of young sociological science integration from Bessarabia within the Romanian sociological science, preserving a pro-nounced regional character.