This communication has sought to elucidate the interwar debate on the name of the province between Prut and Dniester rivers. It finds that while most geographers, historians and ethnologists were deeply aware of the inadequacy of the term "Bessarabia" to define the province between Prut and Dniester, this term continued, nevertheless, be present in the scientific language, as in the usual one, given its convenience. The repair of that historical injustice occurred only in 1938, through the introduction of the provinces within the administrative division of Romania. However, the reform did not lead to the expected results given the new situation created by the establishment of the dictatorship of King Carol II.