This scientific endeavour, the issue of the effectiveness of active labour market policies in terms of theory and interpretation is addressed. Given that active labour market policies are consuming financial resources, over the years, several authors in the field have tried to assess their effectiveness, offering different interpretations. The effectiveness of active labour market policies is a problem not only for theorists in the field, but also for decisionmakers in government institutions. In this case, the Public Employment Service has an important role in the process of implementing active labour market policies. However, following the implemented policies, it is expected that some indicators related to the labour market will improve, such as reducing unemployment and increasing the level of employment. The paper presents several approaches to labour market policies, as well as tools that can be used to improve the above-mentioned indicators.