The purpose of the study was increase the efficiency of differential diagnosis of injuries caused by mechanical and electrical influences, using the methods of elemental analysis, namely X-ray fluorescence spectral analysis. Methods. During the experiment, the electric discharges and mechanical pressure were applied to the skin flaps using metal pins with different elemental composition. The X-ray fluorescence spectral analysis was applied to establish qualitative and quantitative indicators of the chemical elemental composition of the studied objects. Results. It was found that under the condition of mechanical pressure of metal pins no increase in the concentration of chemical elements (metals) is determined in all samples of biological material.. Under the condition of electrical discharge via the metal pins the XRF spectral analysis revealed metal deposits in the areas of skin flaps that were subject to the conducting metal. Conclusion. The XRF spectral analysis can be useful tool for differentiation of electrical and blunt injuries.