Food security is a priority area for domestic policy, as the fundamental goal of any state is to raise the standard of living of its society. The paper analyzed the main concepts related to food security that ensures favorable conditions to the sustainable development of the economy. At the same time, reference is made to the measures taken to reduce or completely eliminate the possibility of threats, risks and vulnerabilities. The article describes the process of ensuring food security in terms of increasing the ecological potential of agricultural products. The data research and analysis is based on deductive methodology with qualitative and quantitative elements. The used theoretical and empirical research methods are: systemic and comparative analysis of concepts, synthesis and analysis of statistical data, graphical method.