After the declaration of independence, the Republic of Moldova has committed itself to establishing diplomatic relations not only with countries from Europe, America and Asia, but also with some states from Middle East. In relations with certain Muslim states, in addition to the common denominator identified with several countries, there were certified some differences, but only two will be raised in that context, because they are more revealing for this research. The countries are leading within the state’ activities carried out on the world arena, including at the regional and subregional level, basing and promoting the national interests, and the second difference related to the various relationships established between the state power and Islam. The Republic of Moldova has declared its interests in the Muslim world (especially in the field of energy, investment and trade), aiming to diversify the cooperation processes to ensure the economic development. Yet, practically they didn’t support consistently at the state level to promote this direction of foreign policy and less benefited from the opportunity set, the more that neither partners have not demonstrated fairness and responsibility on the commitments chapter. The relations between the Republic of Moldova and some Muslim states were characterized by diversity, but at the same time, by different intensity, depending on their interests and skills to engage and promote. It is not enough to establish diplomatic relations and to make statements intentions, but that turns out to be indispensable to materialize and implement the joint projects, turning them into concrete and feasible results. The most relevant results on the legal and political aspects were certified in the relations with Turkey and on the contrary, they are quite modest with the countries of North Africa.