The First World War imposed the reorganization of the whole medical-sanitary system of the Russian Empire. According to the official military medicine doctrine, the essential objective was the evacuation of wounded and sick soldiers from the front and their transportation to hospitals far away from the enemy prefera-’reach prefera-, preferably in the inner regions of the Empire. As Bessarabia was in the immediate proximity of the front, it served as a basis for the creation of military hospitals. According to the data presented by the Russian Zemstvas Union for offering assistance to soldiers on June 1, 1915, in Bessarabia were registered 36 military hospitals. Those military hospitals were functioning in all the cities of the region and in approximately 20 rural settlements.