The Danube Delta is a natural protected area in the South-Eastern part of Romania, declared a Biosphere Reserve through the UNESCO ―Man and Biosphere‖ Programme. Water is a determining factor for all the human settlements in the Biosphere Reserve, the whole Danube Delta being structured by the three branches of the Danube (Chilia, Sulina and Sfantu Gheorghe (Saint George)). Our study case is focused on the Sulina branch, namely also as Sulina Canal. The improvement of water resources management is the main topic of this study, in terms of water quality indicators, which were carried out in a twenty-nine monitoring points, starting since a few years ago and updated to nowadays. During the study period, significant exceedances of the limit value were detected in case of N-nitrate-N (3.9-4.6 mg /L) in the Saint George branch and in the Sulina Channel after the WWTP discharge area, as well as near two settlements, at Gorgova and at Maliuc, that are caused by the leakage of the ageing drain pipes or of the lack of these in the case of the last two settlements. We would like to emphasize that as inhabitants in Maliuc obtain drinking water from shallow, 2-6 m deep drilled wells, due to the risk of exceptionally high nitrate concentrations in surface waters, special attention should be paid to monitoring drinking water quality. Residents living along the Sulina Channel engage in fishing and agricultural activities that also have a significant impact on the nutrient load of the surface water. These findings show that the major point source is the wastewater (not enough treated and untreated) and the main diffuse source is the run-off of agricultural fertilizers. A main conclusion could be drawn related to the nutrients distribution (~85% of nitrogen emissions and ~70% of phosphorus emissions) in the Danube catchment, which is generated by diffuse sources. In order to avoid the health risks of the population in the Danube Delta, it is necessary to assure a continuous monitoring of the drinking water quality by regional operators who ensure the water supply, as well as the monitoring of water quality from the wells. Potential sources of surface water pollution, like direct or uncontrolled discharge of untreated wastewater, must be eliminated, as well as for soil and groundwater pollution, through the occurrence of leaks in sewage networks. In settlements where there is no water supply system, it is necessary to build and expand such a system to provide the population with the necessary drinking water. From the settlements located along the Sulina channel, only Maliuc, Crișan and Sulina have sewerage systems and domestic wastewater treatment plants, but not completely in function, and therefore there are still many issues related to the wastewater management in terms of domestic wastewater canalization, treatment and discharge. In order to improve the water management in terms of water quality, we proposed the implementation of an automated water quality monitoring system on a passenger‘s ship, which could provide an early warning message to the water authorities and stockholder responsible with the water management on the Sulina Canal.