The article represents an overview of the scientific researches regarding the negative and positive influence of the relations within the family upon the child’s self consciousness development. By negative influence is implied a low, or unstable, or contradictory, or the inadequate self evaluation and the level of aspiration, the low level of self sympathy, self respect and other elements. As the result the psychological ill-being of the personality, neurosis and others are developed. The positive way of self consciousness development is tightly linked with the formation of a positive-adequate self evaluation, the correspondent level of aspirations, the positive image of self and the developed processes of self cognition which contribute to the enrichment of personality’s representation about him/herself, the integration of all these into unique structure and the construction on this basis of a productive behaviour.